How does fixture congestion impact physical performance in football?
In the UK, we are about to enter the busiest period of the season during Christmas and New Year.
Whilst most leagues enjoy a winter break, clubs in the UK are faced with heavy fixture congestion.
Fixture congestion can occur at other points in the season also.
We have seen the extension of the Champions League group stage format, potentially meaning this period overlaps with league and domestic cup fixtures more so than before.
Although squad rotation is likely during these periods of fixture congestion, an important question remains how much it can impact physical performance game-to-game.
A systematic review published in 2020 examined the literature around the effect of fixture congestion on physical, technical and tactical performance.
In terms of physical performance measures, there were no clear differences shown across games for total distance covered, high intensity running and accelerations.
There was limited evidence available around the influence on technical/tactical performance. Based on the available studies, there was no clear difference in technical metrics across games.
One study did show a reduced tactical performance (e.g. team synchrony) possible due to mental fatigue, but again to highlight the research in this area was limited.
Interestingly, the same research group found an increased injury risk during fixture congested periods in this more recently published systematic review.
Bottom line - players may be able to ‘physically perform’ during periods of fixture congestion, but a lack of rotation may lead to higher injury risk if match minutes aren’t managed appropriately.
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